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What
is Stress
Stress can be a
very negative but yet very healthy thing to experience. It actually
means a force impinging on the individual, which tends to strain
or cause harm body. Stress is a normal part of life that can help
us learn and grow. Conversely, ongoing stress can cause us significant
problems. Surveys have shown that 60% of the population of the Western
countries believes that they are under a great deal of stress at
least once per week.
Stress can lead
to the release of powerful neurochemicals and hormones that prepare
us for action (to fight or flight). If we don't take action, which
the physiological activity of the hormones and compounds encourage,
the stress response can lead to health problems. Prolonged, uninterrupted,
unexpected, and unmanageable stresses are the most damaging types
of stress.
Some examples of
different kinds of stress includes: chemical stress and environmental
stress caused by environmental pollution or toxic chemicals; emotional
stress such as anger, depression, fear, frustration, sadness, betrayal,
bereavement; mental stress including high work responsibility, long
hours and perfectionism; nutritional stress due to nutritional deficiency,
fat excess, or food allergies; physical stress includes hard labor,
birth and competitive exercise; traumatic stress include infection,
injury, burns, surgery and extreme temperatures and psycho-spiritual
stress include relationship pressures, financial pressures, career
pressures, issues of life goals and issues with spiritual enlightenment.
There is some speculation
that an overactive stress response to every life can start when
young. Early separation from mother can lead to altered stress responses
and depression later in life. The stresses of the mother can affect
the stress response of the fetus, and perhaps predispose the child
to psychiatric illness later in life.
Symptoms
of stress
Symptoms of stress
may present differently in different people, and many may not even
be aware of the high stress they face. When stress is encountered
and perceived of as negative, reactions may become more emotional
or reflect in moods: irritability, frustrations, guilt and anger;
depression, sadness and weeping and overall confusion.
Physical reactions are common- especially in the initial stages
or in acute physical stress. The “fight or flight” (alarm)
response causes the release of the catecholamine neurotransmitters
adrenaline, noradrenaline and the steroid hormone cortisol from
the adrenal glands. These hormones direct blood toward the muscles
and limbs in order permit an individual to fight or flee. In addition,
the pupils of the eyes dilate and alertness increases. Long term
stress can create disharmony in the body with chronic increases
of the levels catecholamines and cortisol. This can decrease the
body’s resistance to disease, especially infectious illness.
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Diagnosis
and Pharmaceutical Interventions
Although there is
no medical diagnosis for stress, situations and other factors may
be evaluated for the ‘stress quotient’, a factor that
can give clues about a person’s relative risk to having health
problems as a result of too mush stress. An example of one such
stress quotient is via the Holmes stress scale.
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Pharmaceutical
Medications
When stressful situations
and lifestyle factors inhibit normal day to day functioning, some
medications may be recommended; most notable are the antidepressant
medications. There are several different kinds. Serotonin Selective
Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) – the most commonly prescribed
antidepressants. These include: Citalopram (Celapram), Fluoxetine
(Prozac), Paroxetine (Aropax), Sertraline (Zoloft). These medications
increase the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain, which elevates
mood and energy. These medications at times can increase the level
of serotonin so much that a serotonin syndrome presents, especially
when used in conjunction with other medications that act in a similar
fashion, or with the use of other mind altering drugs. The symptoms
of the serotonin syndrome include tremor, changes in mental affect
and cognition. In addition SSRI’s can cause irritation and
bleeding of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, and cause lower
libido as a sexual side effect. The second most common class of
medications prescribed is tricylic antidepressants. These include:
Amitriptyline (Amitrip), Clomipramine (Clopress), and Imipramine
(Tofranil). Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) are rarely prescribed.
They include Tranylcypromine (Parnate). Some other types of medication
that may be used are Bupropion (Zyban), and Venlafaxine (Efexor).
A host of potential
side-effects (or symptoms of withdrawal) accompany the use of many
if not all of these drugs. Some of the most serious of these are:
anxiety, asthenia – loss of bodily strength, blurred vision,
constipation , decreased ability to think clearly, development of
drug dependency, development or worsening of suicidal tendencies,
dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia , loss of libido and other sexual
side effects, nausea, nervousness, rash , somnolence – sleepiness
or a lack of energy and activity, and sustained increase in blood
pressure (hypertension).
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Lifestyle
and Dietary Modifications
Nutritional factors
play an important role in how we respond to stress. A healthy diet
that includes proper nutrients, protein and fibre while having high
quality fats can promote a good mental outlook and strong functioning
body to help us deal with the challenges that we face. Foods from
plants are especially useful in that they contain high amounts of
antioxidants. A good rule of thumb when selecting fruits and vegetables
is to a include a range of colours: green (light and dark) which
is abundant in the lettuce type vegetables as well as cabbage family
plants; red as in red capsicums and apples, orange as in carrots
and many types of squash, white or yellow for onion, garlic and
bananas, and blue or purple for blueberries, and eggplant. It is
also important to reduce the amount of pesticides by purchasing
organic foods whenever possible. And last but not least, it is very
important to lower refined sugar consumption. Sugar alone act as
a stressor to the body; especially when combined with caffeine.
While cigarette
smokers often describe their habit as relaxing, smoking is associated
with increased stress levels, and stopping the habit eventually
results in reduced feelings of stress. Drinking alcohol can reduce
feelings of stress, but using alcohol regularly in response to chronic
or repetitive stress can lead to an unhealthy dependency. Many of
our ways in dealing with stress -- drugs, pain medicines, alcohol,
smoking, and eating -- actually are counterproductive in that they
can worsen the stress and can make us more sensitive to further
stress.
Exercise has long
been thought to have potential benefits to mental health and stress
reduction; however, exercise can also be stressful when it is intense
or competitive.
Stress can be best managed by regular exercise, relaxation techniques,
structured time outs, and learning new coping strategies to create
predictability in our lives. Mind-body medicine is a branch of healing
that focuses on the role of thoughts and emotions on physical health.
Many techniques used in this healing system, including biofeedback,
relaxation training, tai chi, yoga, and meditation, affect the nervous
system in ways that could help people cope with stress. Meditation,
practiced for spiritual reasons, for relaxation, or as part of the
treatment of a disease, has been helpful for stress reduction. The
management of stress depends mainly on the willingness of a person
to make the changes necessary for a healthy lifestyle.
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Nutritional
Factors Shown to be Beneficial
Multiple
Vitamin/Mineral formula
For individuals under significant stress or for those whose lifestyles
do not promote healthy habits a multivitamin/mineral formula is
essential. By including a range of micronutrients, especially Vitamin
C, B vitamins, calcium, magnesium, and zinc the negative reactions
to stress may be reduced.
Dose: ranges from
Vitamin
B complex
B vitamins function as cofactors in energy producing reactions,
detoxification reactions and also in the formation of some neurotransmitters.
Dose: 50 mg of B complex a day
Omega 3
Fish Oils
Omega 3 fatty acids may become deficient when under chronic stress.
One of the fatty acids found ion fish oil in particular has a direct
function on brain health and may help with a negative stress response.
Dose: 2-6 grams a day
Eleuthero
(Eleutherococcus senticosus)
Also called Siberian Ginseng, eleuthero is an adaptogen, which is
thought to increase the body's resistance to stress, and to generally
enhance physical and mental functioning.
Dose: 300- 400 mg a day of the standardized
extract
Rhodiola
rosea
Rhodiola has specific functions in the brain to help balance normal
neurotransmitters, increase energy and mental performance. It is
also adaptogenic.
Dose: 300- 600 mg a day of the standardized
extract
Ashwagandha
(Withania somifera)
The ayuvedic herb ashwagandha may be helpful for reducing the effects
of stress, including chronic psychological stress. It is also adaptogenic.
Dose: 300- 600 mg of the standardized extract
Adrenal
Glandular extracts
Extracts of the adrenal gland can offer a diversity of hormones
and hormone related substances in a natural, non-toxic quantity
for therapeutic, rejuvenative and preventive health care, and the
adrenal gland has a specific activity in the stress response.
Dose: 100 mg twice a day
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Recommended
NaturalMeds Products for Stress
LifeForce
Multiple
Life Force Multiple, the most complete daily formula available,
is scientifically Bio-Aligned to deliver essential cellular energy
and balance to vital systems and organs.
Dose: 4 capsules with food Pack size: 60 &
120 capsules
Omega
3
Omega-3 Formula provides an excellent source of Omega-3 fatty acids
in their naturally existing ratios. This ratio provides the fatty
acids EPA and DHA in balanced amount to promote cardiac health.
Dose: 2 capsules Pack size: 60 capsules
DHA
450 mg
DHA or docasahexaenoic acid, is an omega-3 fatty acid and a component
of fish oils.
It is incorporated into cells of the nervous system and brain more
than any other oil or fatty acid. It may help with vision problems
some diabetics face.
Dose: 2 capsules Pack size: 90 capsules
B
Vitamin Complex 50
B vitamins are used for the production of energy. Each B vitamin
fills a different, complementary need, which is why they should
most often be taken together.
Dose: 1-2 tablets a day Pack size: 50 tablets
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